To travel to Iraq is to immerse yourself in one of the oldest civilisations on the planet. Nestled between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, Iraq was the birthplace of Mesopotamia, the birthplace of writing, the first cities and history itself. Today, Iraq is once again opening its doors to the world, offering a unique experience for travellers seeking authenticity, culture and adventure.
If you are wondering what to see in Iraq, In this article I will guide you through the 10 must-see places that you can't miss on your itinerary. I have been lucky enough to travel around this fascinating country and I would like to share with you the places that have left the greatest impression on me, from ancient temples to desert landscapes that seem to have been frozen in time.
1. Baghdad: The cultural heart of Iraq
Baghdad is not only the capital of the country, but also a symbol of its history and renaissance. Founded in the 8th century, it became one of the most important cities in the Islamic world, a centre of wisdom, science and art.
Today, Baghdad beats with renewed energy. Its streets are full of life, its markets are a spectacle of colours and aromas, and its people are surprisingly hospitable.
Among the places not to be missed is the National Museum of Iraq, with its impressive collection of Mesopotamian antiquities, and the Mutanabbi Street, The epicentre of Baghdad's intellectual life, where booksellers sell works in Arabic, English and Farsi.
Also worth a visit is the Al-Kadhimiya Grand Mosque, one of the holiest shrines of Shi'ite Islam, and the Tigris River, which offers a beautiful sunset promenade.
2. Babylon: The Legendary City
When you think of Iraq, the first image that probably comes to mind is Babylon. This ancient metropolis was one of the great empires of mankind, the birthplace of the famous Hanging Garden of Babylon, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.
To walk through the ruins of Babylon is to travel back thousands of years. You can walk along the brick ramparts, the remains of the Palace of Nebuchadnezzar II and the Ishtar Gate, The building has been reconstructed with the characteristic blue bricks decorated with bulls and dragons.
Nearby is the modern city of Hillah, where you can enjoy the warmth of the locals and the most authentic Iraqi cuisine.
3. Najaf: Spirituality and Tradition
If there is one place that symbolises the Shi'ite faith in Iraq, it is Najaf:. It is one of the holiest cities in Islam and a pilgrimage destination for millions of worshippers every year.
The central point is the Shrine of Imam Ali, The church is an architectural jewel of golden domes and glittering mosaics. Even if you are not a believer, the atmosphere here is deeply moving.
In the vicinity you will also find the Wadi Al-Salam Cemetery, Najaf, the largest in the world, stretches like a sea of tombs as far as the eye can see. Najaf is not only a place of prayer, but also a place to understand the deep spirituality of Iraq.
4. Kerbala: The Emotion of Ashurah
Together with Najaf, Kerbala is another major centre of Shi'ite pilgrimage. It is the site of the Battle of Karbala in 680, a key event in Islamic history.
In the centre of the city stand the sanctuaries of the Imam Hussein and Abbas Ibn Ali, whose golden domes light up the sky every night. If you travel during the commemoration of the Ashura, You will experience one of the most overwhelming religious events in the world: millions of people marching in mourning, with chanting, processions and impressive devotion.
Beyond spirituality, Kerbala offers an energetic atmosphere, traditional markets and delicious local cuisine.
5. Erbil: The capital of Iraqi Kurdistan
Erbil, also known as Hewlêr, is one of the oldest cities on the planet still inhabited. Its most iconic symbol is the Erbil Citadel, The city is dominated by a thousand-year-old fortress that overlooks the city from a man-made hill.
The Iraqi Kurdistan is the safest and most modern region in the country, and Erbil combines tradition and development. In its historic centre you can wander through alleyways, bazaars and cafes where old and new mix.
Visit the Erbil Museum of Civilisation, bazaar Qaysari, and ends the day at the Family Mall or in one of its restaurants with panoramic views. From Erbil you can also make excursions to the Zagros Mountains or to traditional Kurdish villages.
6. Mosul: The city reborn
Mosul has gone through difficult times, but today it is rising strong. Situated on the banks of the Tigris, it was for centuries a centre of trade and culture.
Among the places that stand out are the Al-Nuri Grand Mosque, with its iconic leaning minaret (currently under reconstruction), and the Al-Tahira Church, one of the oldest in Iraq.
Mosul is also an example of cultural coexistence: Muslims, Christians and Yazidis share a rich common heritage. Strolling through its market, tasting its famous “kubba mosuli” or talking to its inhabitants is to discover the hope of a people looking to the future.
7. Hatra: The jewel of the desert
Declared UNESCO World Heritage, Hatra is an ancient fortified city that preserves imposing Greco-Roman temples mixed with oriental art.
Its isolation in the middle of the desert has protected it from time, and today it offers a unique visual spectacle: majestic columns, carved sculptures and a silence that transports you to another era.
Hatra was one of the great capitals of the ancient Parthian kingdom and withstood even the attacks of the Roman Empire. It is a must-see if you want to understand the cultural richness that characterises Iraq.
8. Samarra: Islamic art in its purest form
On the banks of the Tigris lies Samarra, The city is a city with a glorious past. It was the capital of the Abbasid caliphate and preserves one of the most amazing constructions of the Islamic world: the helical minaret of the Great Mosque of Samarra.
This spiral tower, known as Malwiya, It rises more than 50 metres and offers a spectacular panoramic view. Climbing it is an experience, a combination of history, art and emotion.
Samarra also boasts archaeological ruins, Caliphate palaces and a tranquil atmosphere, ideal for travellers interested in Islamic art.
9. Nasiriyah and the Ziggurat of Ur
Southern Iraq is home to Nasiriya, the gateway to one of the most important archaeological sites in the world: the Ziggurat of Ur.
This stepped temple, dedicated to the lunar god Nanna, is one of the best preserved in Mesopotamia. Its brick structure and imposing ramps take you back to the third millennium BC.
Ur was the place where, according to tradition, Abraham, a central figure in all three monotheistic religions, was born. To explore its ruins is to understand why Iraq is considered the cradle of civilisation.
10. Basra: Between rivers and palm trees
We close this list with Basrah, the southern port city, washed by the Shatt al-Arab, where the Tigris and Euphrates meet before reaching the Persian Gulf.
Basra is a fascinating blend of modernity and tradition. Its riverside walks, their palm groves and its friendly people make it an enchanting destination. Here you can also discover a literary influence: Basra was home to the mythical Sindbad the Sailor, character from The Thousand and One Nights.
A stroll along the waterfront at sunset or a stroll through the traditional markets is a perfect way to end your trip to Iraq.
Practical tips for travelling to Iraq
- Plan your route in advance. Although the country is opening up to tourism, distances can be long and some places require permits.
- Dress with respect, especially in religious places.
- Learn some basic words in Arabic or KurdishThe locals appreciate it very much.
- Travel with a specialised agency who knows the area well, such as Travel airak, to ensure a safe and enriching experience.
- Enjoy with an open mindIraq is not just a destination, it is a living lesson in history and humanity.
A journey that leaves its mark
Travelling Iraq is to go back to the origin of time. It is to look into the eyes of an ancient culture and discover that, beyond its scars, the country is full of beauty, hospitality and hope.
If you are thinking of what to see in Iraq, Remember that every city, every temple and every desert holds a story that will change you.
I invite you to discover it with us. On Viajesairak we design customised routes for curious travellers, history lovers and seekers of unique experiences.
Discover the real Iraq and be amazed by its magic.
👉 Book your trip to Iraq here
You can also take a look at the world heritage sites this country has to offer.